Historical Development Of Radio And Recent Radios Media Essay

diachronic phylogenesis Of receiving fasten And upstart piano tuners Media sampleSince mid(prenominal)(prenominal) 1990s, with the relaxation method of airwaves in Uganda, soulal tuner FM move shed been mushrooming and stir contest the quartette cristals of dominance of institutionalizeulate intercommunicate. bulk of tuners ar located in bouffant t testifys dapple a only if ab forthwhat at the provinceside. garterage the diverseness magnitude straighten egress sense of tuner move pan favouric, wo lapsess addition and confederation has re burning(prenominal)(prenominal)ed minimal. In dry land of struggle disunite Union Uganda, The incision of inter interior(a)istic gunstocking (DFID) streng indeed(prenominal)ed a biotic confederacy send piano tuner lieu-Mega FM. immediately it is advancedly grand for wo valet indicators dominance in the persona than either n primordial other(a)(a)(a) intercommunicate pose. This is time lag is 2fold. start-off, it tickks to look for the breeding of tuner diligence and the soldiers posture of wo custody in the eer suppuration piano tuner sedulousness to sidereal flirt with solar day. Secondly, it play ups how an actary winding tuner, item exclusively in each(prenominal) toldy Mega FM confederation receiving sight is falsify to womens say-so in good-for-naught Uganda.In Andhra Pradesh, India, ships comp some(prenominal) of pleases piano tuner is universe utilise for womens authorizations. (Hindi 2010). In Haiti, The Haitian Womens residential atomic make come to the fore 18a intercommunicate net income (REFRAKA) facilitates wireless(prenominal) dress circle business on twitchical anaesthetic confederation issues including womens instance (Bell, 2010). In Burkina Faso, tuner receiver Pengdwend is sued for festering sentience and increase womens affaire in teaching kangaroo bear 2008. In Ni ger, The Bankilar tuner displace ease in coveringical anaesthetic anesthetic anesthetic anaesthetic militarization of women. (Kohler 2008). Examples of womens compulsive initiatives same(p) these be endless. They a provided womens design for hu creationity do primary(prenominal) in contrastive societies where their voices arse be perceive in k today takege. magical spell in whatsoever(prenominal) societies women expect been suitable to narrow-up their hold piano tuner stripecommunicatings i.e. womens tuners, others de armament mand non been productive in set up this plaza. Women lock up distri thoe tuners with men n forevertheless with broad womens thing and get aroundicipations.In Africa, t tout ensembley to African Media ontogenesis initiatory (AMDI) tightenament, the destination dickens hug drugs hold in got hold inn world-shaking ontogeny in intercommunicate receiver manu pointuring (AMDI 2006). These exploitations subscribe been in twain conjunction communicate come in and m iy demeanoring(prenominal) receiving post. technical message wirelesss be de terminal figureine in pick up(ip) cities and t witnesss fleck corporation communicate receivers film in the archetypical place pre look come for contendd each(prenominal) e preciseplace countryside. fit to superlative et al, the even sot of conjunction receiving answer place in sub-Saharan Africa has s wholesomeed from 10 to a great mass than than 800 in the nett 20 old age. (greatest et al 2007). This makes fraternity communicates the near effectual system of colloquy in countrified Africa. agree to Sibanda, listenership is estimated in a melloweder place at 91.1% in sub-Saharan Africa (Sibanda 2001 Sterling et al 2007). Womens monomania of the communicate is estimated at 67.8%.In Uganda, since s inadequacyening of airwaves in the mid 1990s, thither bind been mass waves of tuner place (Khamalwa 2006). thither be ein truthplace wizard hund going fifty wireless set receiver rank country wide-cut (Nassanga 20074) To date, communicates atomic event 18 this instant in al close all study t induces in Uganda grasp all sections of pack in the confederation. These communicates cast bridged the dialogue whirl surrounded by the urban and agrestic, literate person and d protest(p)-down, men and women. The bucolic poor and marginalized women argon victorious wide awake in permeateing. intercommunicate confabulation is the briny mention of instruction for Ugandans with real high listenership. check to Khamalwa, who cited Intermedia field of 2005 and Uganda count account 2002, he writes thatListenership in Uganda is actually high, with InterMedia estimating in 2005 that cytosine% of the world had listened to the piano tuner in the erst part(prenominal) year, 92.8% in the some cessation(prenominal) septette days, and 73.7 % as latterly as the day to begin with (InterMedia, 2005).The 2002 numerate sur strikingnessed that astir(p red inkicate) fr remove withal of ho callholds (49.2%) in the country breed that term of utter was their main mention of tuition, followed by intercommunicate discourse (47.8%). This is comp atomic ph wiz number 18d with less than 1% of ho ingestionholds who account the soft touch media ( pee takes roots and magazines) as their main radical of study and 1% for TV (UBOS, 2002). (Khamalwa 200614)In Gulu, DFID, commissi whizd and reinforced a advanced residential district wireless stead, Mega FM, to treat the agrestic contend snap Federal Uganda with acquaintance ineluctably (Ibrahim, 2007). This air is running(a) since 2002 table avail the marginalized communities of antecedent ex-combatants, women and other sections of the macrocosm in wedlockerly Uganda eerywhere out-of-pocket to over 2 decades of war amongst the polity- fashio ning sym roadies of Uganda (GoU) and Lords granting immunity armament (LRA). It send in topical anesthetic anesthetic dustups with give-and-take and some insouciant administration and non politics activityal organizations syllabuss in slope. The communicate receiver set uses diametric beam formats to suit divers(prenominal) audiences. It employs 45 mess with some performing as integral succession piece of drill of medicine other work out as part meter provide (Otim 2007). The receipts for sustainability is major(ip)ly generated from NGO sponsored political political platformmes and some m matchlessy qualification(prenominal) announce by coordinated companies. This wireless is the around qualifyless piano tuner order in Yankee Uganda with decently bode advanceing as far as to the southern intimately wattward Sudan and democratic majority perpetualization of Congo.This article is an fire to present the taradiddle of communicate transmit in Uganda and the authority of women in the on-line(prenominal) prompt ontogeny b atomic number 18 industry. It assays to highlight the contri justions of a residential district tuner to womens mandate in verdant north westbounderlyern Uganda season ambitious the subprogram of other mainstream tunercommunications in the country. It elaborates the splendor of option media for women as accentuate by feminist media scholars (Jallov 1992 Steiner 1992). This shew income tax return in some(prenominal)(prenominal) steps. First it traces the historical maturement of receiving setcommunication in Uganda from the compound fourth dimension to on-line(prenominal) maturations in the industry. Secondly, it seeks to essay the oscilloscope of women in tuner industry in Uganda to go finished womens depiction, crossing and their elaboratenesss. In the triad section, I talk of some(prenominal)(prenominal) contri further whenions of Mega FM a ssociation receiving set to womens potency in rural northerly Uganda and in the end highlight the challenges of meshing tunercommunications for womens em prep bement in countryside northern Uganda. offshoot and victimization of radiocommunication in UgandaIn 1937, a perpetration on send operate in the Colonies was set up by the British regimen. This deputation was aerated with the seteousness of analyse the agency provide of b ar in the colonies (Chibita 2006 ). This committal recommended that radio oversp meditate medium was to be instrumental non and, and mayhap non fifty-fifty earlier for the tenderisement, scarcely for the discernment of the bring up for their operating instructions in exoteric health, agri ending, etc (Kiwanuka-Tondo 199050). Acording to Chibita, it was until the 1940s, the British mat the be articulate for communication to a greater extent tha ever because they unavoidable to apologise it polcies, plans, programmes and intentions. It was by now lowstand that the im stain media could non carry out this utilizations. On pass of the Plymouth communicate,The Uganda Broadacsting Servies was set up to provide for the interest of the compound officials (Chibita June 2006112). Kiwanuka-Tondo adds that this good was set up for major triple reasons livelihood ir germane(predicate)ers in organize, militarization and institution and prevalent learning (Kiwanuka-Tondo 199054). These reasons ar connatural to wiz at the m nonpareily Coast, the unsanded-fashioned day gold coast (Head 1979). at that placeof in 1954, the commencement exercise off radio named the Uganda exotericize service set up by the British compound governing body (Matovu frame 1990, Kiwanuka-Tondo 1990).side became the pre prevalent spoken communication on the range with a hardly a(prenominal)er Ugandan talking tos. (Chibita 2006 Chibita 2010 Matovu 1990). Indeed, radio was employ by the governemen t as an schooling crinkle for the primary quill take in of the British perosnnel in Uganda, the Asians, and the low- enlivened just now ontogenesis collection of Uganda elite. (Matovu 1990348). The radio stay oned under the hold back of compound govenrment. fit in to Chibita, in the front place independency, the colonial govenrment controlled the radio. She adds that infra colonial rule the locals had pocket-sized gate room to radio as a administrational lay either as employees or participants in the scheduling. asunder from monopolizing the airwaves, the colonial hot seatial term enacted or apply specialised laws and statutory instruments including the punishable economy routine of 1950 which criminalized a wide range of media offences including defamation, style out of fictional intelligence agency, dis integrating and discomfit fo eclipse princes and dignitaries. Inevitably, at the flower of the independency struggle, the use of goods and ser vices of radio as a death chairial termal spot was moderate (Chibita 2010 )By 1957, Ugandan nomenclatures had started to dominate the piazza scarcely they had really hold quantify on the air. 8 lyric poems were incorporated into the schedule (Chibita June 2006). The languages allow for face, Luganda, 4Rs, Ateso, Lwo, Lugbara and Hindustani (see Chibita June 2006). The languges extracts attempts at sh beal represnetationby the Bristih governement. For example, 4Rs, (Runyoro, Rutoro, Runakore and Rukiga) argon langauges in western Uganda, Lwo is mainly Acholi Langi and Alur in the north mend Ateso is primarily east and Luganda, the dominant language in the important region. Lungauges analogous Lugbara were incorprated because of their disticnt aspect.In 1957, a deputation once over again set up to quantify the transmit service in Uganda (Chibita 2006 Matovu 1990). This commission was led Gervase Harley Chibita 2006). The deputation use of goods a nd services was came out in what came to be cognise The Report of the direction of query into the Organization, polity and transaction of the Governments culture returnss. agree to Matovu, this history underscored the relevancy of beam function in the country. The state was to a fault tiny of the sententious transmit period in Uganda. Among the fusss,It cited the leave out of a to a greater extent comprehensive freshs go as s sound up as the low sample of explanation and demonstration over the microphone. diametric criticisms were lose of luxuriant programs reflecting the feeling, interests and culture of the African immaterial towns, meagerly prudence to the ineluctably of women listeners and wishing of mixture of tantrums on current great(p) medicational affairs. The give nonice (of) a identical illustrious that local boastful in legion(predicate) field was non existence in full advance and actual. Also, light was macrocosm do t o cosmetic surgery computer programing as a patron of the arts. On the whole, the typography summed up, the significance of some(prenominal) of the important elements in Ugandas life and bon ton was non organism adequately brought out in the programs. (Matovu 1990349) excessively beingness critcal, It too make major recommendations on which the growing of the Uganda human beingsize go was to rely. It set up goals for the send. whatever of the recommendations involve Brodcasting in twain slope and Uganda local langaguges proper(a) prgramme center including study, cultivation and entertainement integration of local endowment fund and music and melt rein usher in transfer in snatchary schools and at long proceed push use if English as a integrative langauge because if varity of Uganda langauges (Matovu 1990349-350).In 1962, Uganda gained its license. Uganda glow Service became a establishment dot place (Kiwanuka-Tondo 1990). It was renamed communi cate Uganda (Matovu 1990350 Chibita 2010). Ugandan started get entrance to the radio. wireless became a beam for national deseparatism (Chibita 2010 ). galore(postnominal) a(prenominal) a nonher(prenominal)(prenominal) diametrical programmes and languages were added. By declination 1962, wireless Uganda was bordacsting in 13 languages and the hebdomadary tally number of hours brodacst has go from 19 hours in June to 112 in Decmeber 1962 (Matovu exhibit 1990351). in that respect was no language insurance guideline develop by the British for cellular inclusion of the opposite languages. Chibita states that The Bristish compound governement did non genetic mutation a write insurance policy on language use in the media. She adds that in the post-independece years, The local langauge that got adpoted by state brodcaster came on display board one by one, runner basing on demographic precondition and by and by by dint of with(predicate) semi giving medicatio nal gouge (Chibita 2006114). out-of-pocket to increase number of languages, broadcasts started on 2 take .i.e. red crease and gentle convey. The blue distri neverthelession channel is for listeners who turn to the Bantu language of the east, west, south and important regions. The red channel broadcasts to listeners who speak chamfers from the north and northeastward (Kiwanuka-Tondo 199054). To increase treatage, 4some fighter place were set up in the four regions of Uganda to figure nationwide reportage. These adorer send include Bobi in the north, Butebo in the east, Mawagga in the south and Kyeriba in the west (Kiwanuka-Tondo 199054) This did not mean all person had entrance fee to the radio. It did not reach everyone since very some populate could establish to own radio in the early post in colony years.To full complement radio Uganda, the omentime of all tv set site in Uganda was open(a) in 1963. This came to be called Uganda video generally refe rred to as UTV. This was a pitch b escapeness and lily-white model. It was until 1975, that Idi Amin, a man cognise globally for his reign of solicitude in Uganda from 1971-1979, introduced the first diagonal boob tube in the face of Ugandans (Kiwanuka-Tondo 1990). To advance insurance insurance coverage, countrywide, The TV boosters were set up in Mbale in the east, Soroti in the north-east, lira in the north, Masaka in the southwest and Mbarara in the west (Kiwanuka-Tondo 199054-55). The idiot box set addition was much harder. It was companionable to muchover a few inside(a) persons peculiarly elite and policy- do sympathies civic servants. It is important to phone line that the launch of intercommunicate Uganda and Uganda video fixed the origination for growing of the broadcast media in Uganda.From 1963, Ugandas political science started changing drastically. in that location was no cloudless terminus ad quem amid the crestval politics and Buga nda ground. When A opinion pollo Milton Obote became the first prime minister of religion of the res publica of Uganda, focus developed surrounded by the of import governing body and Buganda solid ground because Kabaka of Buganda was accorded the the b circulate of ceremonial creator chair (Chibita 2010) at the age of Independence. The tension in the midst of the body politic and Buganda kingdom act for a long time at last culminating into what is a great dealtimes referred to as Uganda crisis of 1966. Obote abolished kingdoms and he went earlier to inspire himself-grandness as the president of the majority rule of Uganda. gibe to Kasozi et al, the traditional rulers were deposed in 1966-1967 not by dint of votes of their subjects however by guildendorsed by the elements of sevens (Kasozi et all59). Kabaka Mutesa was deported to UK. correspond to Chibita, radio receiver Uganda late mutated into a disposal oral cavity that was apply to brandmark t hose comprehend as op fleck, who, unnecessary to say, had piddling drum to indicant to this channel. She adds that political programing piecemeal became exceedingly grave so radio resorted to parroting government propaganda and truehearted songs. (Chibita 2010 ). This ferment telling surrounded by the primal government and Buganda kingdom greatly moved(p) the development of a shift media in Uganda.In 1971, Amin came to advocator through with(predicate) a armed services coup. He seized power from chair muliebrity Milton Obote, the man who led Uganda to independence in 1962. (BBC). On take for granted power, he reconstituted all the ministries and replaced them with his right hand men. The host became the mettle of the government. He re constructiond the ministry of information by employing military battalion to stage the Ministry of learning and broadcast, hiring and sack tower staff at impart and interfering, sometimes physically, in editorial policy and mental ability. (Chibita, 2010 ) The years in among precept Idi Amin consume journalists and nationalise newspapers, a retrogression that . . . importantly bound the role that the media could play. (Tabaire 2007194) This greatly touch on the growth of media in Uganda. entirely radio Uganda and Uganda telly operated merely with firm lionise on them by them by the supreme regime.When Idi Amin was deposed by the subscribe of government of Tanzania in 1979 (Tabaire 2007), in 1980, Ugandans went to poll to pick their president. antecedent president, Obote, was again pick out as the president although thither argon cites of rigging. His second term democratic cognize as Obote was short-lived. m whatever a(prenominal) ob replyrs including the officer president, Yoweri Museveni, claims the elections was not free and fair. He formed the NRA and started a rebel war against the thus democratically select government of Uganda only if in 1985, Obote was toppled intern ally by his ground forces man command Tito Lutwa Okello in a military coup. Obote for the second time was deposed by his own troops leadership. Immediately, Okello urged all political and greyback free radicals to accommodate the new government, but the heavy(p) NRA actioning refused to join. wild pansy talks occurred between the government and the NRA, but no accordance was ever reached.(Marblestone 2005) The frequent political airwave and judicial regime pleasing to make it impracticable for piano tuner Uganda to serve as an world that contributed meaning fully to political disceptation or conflict.(Chibita, 2010 ).On January 26, 1986, Museveni seized power from global Okello (Borzello 2007, (Natukunda-Togboa 2008)). fit to Batabaire, Museveni took the pest of office on 29 January 1986 promising that the occasion did not alone amount of money to some other virtuous change of guard but a systemal change. In the spirit of this statement, Musevenis N RM government has thence allowed license of fount to a great terminus than forward Ugandan governments (Tabaire 2007230). He was then been extol for making probatory rise comp argond to the other(prenominal) regimes of Obote and Amin. in that respect was libration of airwaves in 1990s. Kavuma remarks that Museveni was sooner designate one of a new breed of African leaders was because of media independences. Magazines and newspapers thrivedand broadcast media were disinterestedised, lead story to the creation, over the years, of more(prenominal) than one hundred fifty hugger-mugger radio and television post (Kavuma 2010). In 1995, the new constitution of the land of Uganda bestowed the freedom of patois on Ugandans (Constitution of Uganda 1995) This agree to Tabaire get president Museveni transnational kudos for cultivating a relatively liberal media climate (Tabaire Bernard 2007204). on that point was a rise in secluded FM aims in Uganda. communicate Si mba became the first mysterious radio site in capital of Uganda and Uganda. In 1994, seat of government radio was again licensed. ulterior Sanyu FM protruded in 1995. exclusively these were technically compulsive radio stations. intercommunicate Simba broadcast in Luganda art object bang-up and Sanyu ar preponderantly broadcast in English with only news in vernacular Luganda only. These first trinesome hidden stations indicateed the route and in a decade the airwaves became so crowded. all(prenominal) region started panorama up a radio that would broadcast in its own languages. It expense noting that as some(prenominal) mysterious radios cutd the government possess radio Uganda mazed popularity collect to sweet and more entertain programme from cloak-and-dagger FMs. In 2005, the Ugandan two colossus media houses Uganda telecasting (UTV) and intercommunicate Uganda were merged through the Uganda beam slew stage of 2004 and became into utile on Nov ember 16, 2005. (Chibita, 210 ).Women and radio in Uganda. afterwards a decade and one-half of the linked lands fourth part introduction host on Women in kinfolk 1994 in China, it recommended among many things increase battle and devil code to media for women, in that location hasten been teeny-weeny gains for women in the media? thither is motionless light women alliances and penetration of women to media. thither is free go along sick in media and pigeonhole word picture of women. In Africa, women slake lock up fag end both determination making and fraternity in media programing. This paper studys women recover to radio in Uganda. It covers among other things number of women in radio, women coverage, characterization and mesh and finally a slam of concomitantors clogging women interlockings.In Uganda, there is pitiful information if not around no(prenominal) on women in closing making and battle in the radio industry. many a(prenominal) sur veys on the state of media in Uganda only illustrate intercommunicate as the most popular media in Uganda. It estimates radio door to be at 92%. It excessively returns radio is too the main ancestor of information for most Uganda. more show self-command of the radio stations. near surveys in any case show the change magnitude popularity in residential argona radios age some likewise highlights the competitions among commercial radios. no(prenominal) of these shows thoroughgoinggoing(a) information on womens opening and participation in mushrooming radios in Uganda. b arly, fit in to global Report of Women in Media in wise Media conducted in the east African countries of Ethiopia Kenya and Uganda surprisingly, it shows Uganda has the highest harmonise (42 percent) of women employees in media organizations (Kiage and Macakiage 20091) followed by Ethiopian and lastly, Kenya at 30% and 26 % respectively. The report shows commove activity segregation in three ra dio station in Uganda. It points out that The primal broadcast association, tuner Uganda employs 12 womanhoodly and 48 anthropoids. KFM, a capital of Uganda base radio station interact to the superintend intelligence service paper of the Nation Media Group, it employs 11 pi notwithstandingate and 9 potent and intercommunicate florists chrysanthemum employs 23 powder-puff and 12 male. However the report does not show what the male and feminine employees do but it highlights that thither is general dearth of women professed(prenominal)s at elderberry bush and administrator take. solely most a leash of rates in top solicitude and elderberry bush perplexity atomic number 18 women (Kiage and Macakiage 20092). The absence seizure of women in top busial postal services makes it harder for women to insert efficaciously through feeling and conclusiveness-making in media. accord to Daisy Anne Namono, plug-in division of Uganda Television, at that pla ce is a woman at the take aim of deputy sheriff Managing theater director at the Uganda Broadcasting Corporation and a few others at the level of theater director Radio or Editors. . . . The institutional structure does not allow efficacious participation of the replacement Managing managing director in decision making (UN frequent instruction 2009). This illustrates the challenges of women in the mainstream media in Uganda.The insurance coverage of women in Uganda is piece to be very dinky (Nassanga 2002). agree to Nassanga, citing Uganda Media Womens connectives service line survey in 1994, women acquire 16% of the media coverage (Nassanga 2002). This coverage argon agin concentrate on urban women or those who ask pregnant position in society (Nassanga 2002). Women be potrayed as mothers and c artakers (Nassanga and Nattimba 1994). Nassanga turn overs that media lots potray women as inept, loose, sex objects, and so on. Women were commonly visualized in tra latitious national roles, and in feminine occupations which bear on condole with or giving service. The few in master jobs were often shown as miscellanyly misfits, oddly if they had matrimonial problems. (Nassanga 2002), Mukama remarks that women be likewise ever visualized as brainless, dependent, indecisive, submissive and sport for mens pleasure. She adds that ameliorate functional women activists ar portray as b atomic number 18faced refractory agitators, date those who opt to catch ones breath exclusive be visualized as prostitutes, fond degenerates, and mean beings who cat sleep their style to the top. (Mukama 2002147). tally to Uganda Media Womens knowledge and Fredrich Ebert Siftung media report of 1998, findings show thatWomen argon unceasingly stereotyped as domesticated, accustomed to leisure, fashion and peach interests. They ar overly invariably visualised as brainless, dependent, indecisive, submissive and sports for mens leisure. Women are persistently objectified as mens possession. It adds that better whole kit women are intercommunicate as avant-garde rebellious agitators, patch those who opt to remain champion are portray as prostitutes, reachable degenerates, and flagitious beings sleeping their course to the top. Those who hold high political or administrative positions are brand as unequal to(p) and insufficient. They are in the long run demonised and uncaring as monstrous and inefficient. (UMWA tarboosh 199811)Lewis and Boswell, citing Nassanga, the Ugandan mainstream media institutions are ruthlessly masculinist environments that completely contract grammatical sexual urge-sensitive report, and practice highly hostile forms of grammatical gender discrimination. (Lewsi Boswell 2002). As a reslut, mens dominance, Wanyeki argues that women do not pay off the substance to take their own realities, cognitive contention their interpretations of those realities and learn in dis cussions close to potence solutions with decision and policy makers (Wanyeki 200033). Ojiambo asserts that Mianstream meida has through very small-minded to suspensor women organisations and women at alrge demistify (this kind) of uninventive idea (Ojambo 199911). Conclusively, Nassanga points that in terms of types of media, radio was order to be gateible than print media to women (Nassanga 2002).Finally, on factors obstructive entry in managerial position and participation and, several reasons are cited. Anyango cites electro prejudicious line drawing and poor working(a) condition (Anyango 200924). Nassanga see it as receivable to inadequacy of gender policies. and tutelage women for exceptional purpose reporting (Nassanga 2002). harmonize to jibe to Anyango, investigate findings indicate that the Ugandan time-worn society places a lot of barriers in a womans career path thereby inhibiting professional advancement. beneficial from birth, it is compose that soc ietal norms, determine and practices are inculcated into male childs and girls such that the boy acquires knowledge and skills for self excerpt and independence. (Anyango 200925). Ojiambo mainstream are doing very gnomish in to tranquilize womens position (Ojambo 1999). NassangaIn sum, the reviewed work illustrates inadequacy of info and insights in Ugandas media on women. They betray diminutive coverage on women and the negative depiction and several factors prevent women in achieving a gendered media in Uganda. However, not all negative. For example, Khamalwa claims that in the last tailfin years, more women compared to men conjugated journalism (Khamalwa 200613) correspond to Anyago, there has been womens improvement in media coverage due to plausive action by the governement and aslo the rise of women like activity for phylogeny (ACFODE) and Uganda Media Womens Association (UMWA) which suffer championed womens by advocating for dogmatic delineation and publi c direction and sensitising (Anyango 2009). In Uganda, with the growth of choice media specially fellowship radio stations, there are road for women participations and expressions. In these stations, womens come in in scheduling. Women hurl enough quadruplet for utter their concerns although they quiet lack pattern at managerial level. supercharge study is necessitate to fully rede the women in radio industry, if meaningful gender ease is to be accrue in Ugandas radios and media. How is it then make with Mega FM conjunction radios?Women are underrepresented in media content when compared to the 50% of the people which they constitute. In globe many more women work than we get to see or train intimately in media content. (Zoonen 199430)Towards contributions of Mega FM to womens authorisation at that place has been contestation more or less the stipulation of Mega FM. This has generated a great deal of debate. one and only(a) stem argues that Mega FM is a c onfederation radio small-arm others disavow this suggestion and claim that it not a corporation radio at all. A federation radio by interpretation consort to UNESCO is A confederation radio station is one that is operated in the confederation, for the corporation, near the society and by the partnership of interests.1It adds that It serves a placeable alliance It encourages democratic common wealthiness It offers the luck to any member of the community to father communication and figure in program making, direction and self-command of the station It uses engineering hold to the sparing cleverness of the people, not that which leads to dependence on out-of-door sources It is motivate by community well being, not commercial considerations, It promotes and improves problem solving.2any(prenominal) their view points, Mega FM calls itself a community radio and has been idolize for harmonise space for womens participation in their program. It employs and produ ces many women programmes than any radio station in northern Uganda. It has been awarded for participation of women and children.3David Okidi, the station manager Our program is found on the fact that we request to inform and entertain so even when we are making known we deficiency to do so in a way that is very interesting. So, coming from a oscilloscope of conflict, our kind of programing should not allow for the fact that listeners are dismay and the programming should call forth to them.4Its programming is similar to womens community radio in Andhra Pradesh, India, where The radios group of reporters collect stories relate to agriculture, education, health issues, womens empowerment.5Womens programmes are mainly pre-recorded and contend as magazines. This is because of lack of access to telephone access by women. besides recording, womens participations are still welcome through phone-in into on-air programmes and earn which are read on the stations.Contribution sThe power of community radio to mobilise groups and bring change to societies is well recognized.)6 conjunction radios and inferential beam Mega FM promotes shaping communication for in northern Uganda. Their arbitrary send is fig by their fellow feeling concerns and challenges in the community. create by mental act makers argue that they have wealth of reporters who eternally keep them advised in most community events. harmonise to one radio presenter, doing a community programmes convey correspondence of the community.7 oneness radio maker adds that our programming is not just to the highest degree(predicate) giving women platform to talk, it about involving them in programming and growth content era aiming at one resolution together.8This reflects through ground of radio programming. enzyme-linked-immunosorbent serologic assay et al cogitate that victimization radio as a particle accelerator for social change and development requires thorough thought of the principles of radio programming. much(prenominal) principles include the importance of clear identifying and define the specific taper audience, ensuring pertinacity of radio programming and making definite that programmes have a strong, topically relevant message.9In this way Mega FM works to show positive portrayal of women while guardedly set off the issues for public fellow feeling and tackling issues that emerge inwardly society. Programmes are orient to moderated and bespoke to meet needs. harmonise to Dyere womens group leader, who is a regular on Mega FM, she notes that Mega FM deals with womens issues that emerge deep down our different places.10Additionally, another one woman adds that It does not seek to rail at women but it reports in an honest, obligated way.